Attaining Taqwa is the purpose of Fasting:
‘La allakum Tattaqoon’ "O you who believe! Fasting is prescribed for you as it was prescribed for those before you, that you may become Al-Muttaqun (the pious). [Surah Baqara:183]
The word Taqwa’ literally means "to protect". In general, to protect yourself "from the Wrath of Allah" by not "indulging in things that Allah forbids".
It’s a state of heart’s awareness which keeps one conscious of Allah's presence and His Knowledge. Its the shunning of everything and anything that causes a deficiency in one’s relationship with Allah. Taqwa motivates the person who possesses it to perform righteous deeds and avoid forbidden activities.
Avoiding Sins in Ramadan:
The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, said, “Whoever does not leave evil words and deeds while fasting, Allah does not need him to leave food and drink.” [Ṣaḥīḥ al-Bukhārī 1903]
Abu Sa’id al-Khudri reported: The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, said, “Whoever fasts the month of Ramadan, understanding its boundaries and guarding them as they should be guarded, then it will expiate the sins which came before it.” [Musnad Aḥmad 11524 - Hasan according to Al-Arna’ut]
The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, said, “Fasting is a shield as long as you do not damage it.” It was said, “How does one damage it?” The Prophet said, “By dishonesty or backbiting.” [Mu’jam al-Awsaṭ lil-Ṭabarānī 4536- Sahih]
The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, said, “Verily, fasting is not only from eating and drinking. Rather, fasting is from Laghw (useless talk and actions) and obscenity. If someone abuses you or acts foolish against you, then say: Indeed, I am fasting.” [Ṣaḥīḥ Ibn Ḥibbān 3479, Sahih]
Jabir رضي الله ﺗﻌﺎﻟﯽٰ عنه said, “When you fast, then let your hearing, seeing, and tongue fast as well from falsehood and sins, and avoid harming your servants. Rather, you must have dignity and calmness on the day of your fasting. Do not make days you do not fast and days you fast as if they were the same.” [Muṣannaf Ibn Abī Shaybah 8880]
Umar ibn al-Khattab رضي الله ﺗﻌﺎﻟﯽٰ عنه said, “Fasting is not merely from food and drink alone. Rather, it is from lies, falsehood, vain talk, and swearing.” [Muṣannaf Ibn Abī Shaybah - 8882]
The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, said, “One who fasts might only acquire hunger and thirst from his fasting. One who stands for prayer might only acquire fatigue from his prayer.” [al-Mu’jam al-Kabīr lil-Ṭabarānī 13413 - Sahih; similar hadith is in Ibn Majah]
Intending to Sin After Ramadan:
Ka’b ibn Malik رضي الله ﺗﻌﺎﻟﯽٰ عنه said, “Whoever fasts the month of Ramadan and he says to himself that he will return to sinful disobedience when Ramadan is over, his fasting is rejected.” [Laṭā’if al-Ma’ārif 1/222]
Adopt good company for attaining Taqwa:
O you who believe! Be careful of (your duty to) Allah and be with the true ones. (Surah Toubah, 9:119)
Avoiding the Doubtful:
Prophet (صلى الله عليه وسلم) said, “The servant will not acquire the status of those with taqwa until he abandons what is harmless out of fear of falling into that which is harmful.” [Ibn Majah, Tirmidhi]
Duas accapted:
“There are in the month of Ramadhan in every day and night those to whom Allah grants freedom from the Fire, and there is for every Muslim a supplication which he can make and will be granted." [al-Bazzaar, Ahmad, Saheeh]
Compete in Good Deeds:
Ramadan has come to you. (It is) a month of blessing, in which Allah covers you with blessing, for He sends down Mercy, decreases sins and answers prayers. In it, Allah looks at your competition (in good deeds), and boasts about you to His angels. So show Allah goodness from yourselves, for the unfortunate one is he who is deprived in (this month) of the mercy of Allah, the Mighty, the Exalted." [Narrated by Tabarani]
Leaving Fasts without a valid Shar’i Excuse:
Abu Huraira related that Rasulullah said: If anyone omits his fast even for one day in Ramadan without a concession or without being ill, then if he were to fast for the rest of his life he could not make up for it [Tirmidhi, Abu Dawud, Nasai].
Nothing is similar to fasting in reward:
The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, said, “You must fast, for there is nothing equal to it.” [Sunan al-Nasā’ī 2223- Sahih]
Maximise rewards in Ramadan in a short time (for students and very busy people):
1. Pray Isha and Fajr salah with Jamaah (congregation):
"If a person performs his 'Isha' salah in congregation, he will attain the blessings of spending half the night in devotion; and if he performs Fajr salah in congregation, he will attain the blessings of spending the entire night in devotion." [Muslim]
2. Recite Surah Ikhlas 3 times to get the reward of reading full Quran:
Prophet asked "Are you not able to read a third of the Qur'an in one night? They found this very difficult and replied that nobody amongst us can do so. Then the Prophet (Sallallahu Alaihi wa Sallam) said: "Allah, The One, the Self sufficient "Surah Qul Huwa Allahu Ahad equals a third of the Qur'an." [Bukhari]
3. Dua of Laylatul Qadr
"Allahumma innaka 'afuwwun tuhibbul 'afwa fa'fu 'annee" (Ahmad, Ibn Majah, and Tirmidhi).
4.Read three times ‘Subhan-Allahi wa bihamdihi, ‘adada khalqihi, wa rida-a nafsihi, wa zinatah ‘arshihi, wa midada kalimatihi’ [Sahih Muslim]
5. Earn Billions of Good deeds in seconds:
“Whoever seeks forgiveness for believing men and believing woman, Allah will write for him a good deed for each believing man and believing woman.” [Tabarani]
6. “Whoever says, لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللهُ ، وحْدَهُ لَا شَرِيكَ لَهُ ، لَهُ الْمُلْكُ وَلَهُ الْحَمْدُ ، وَهُوَ عَلَى كُلِّ شَيْءٍ قَدِيرٌ
Laa ‘ilaaha ‘illallaahu wahdahu laa shareeka lahu, lahul-mulku wa lahul-hamdu wa Huwa ‘alaa kulli shay’in Qadeer (the 4th kalima) 100 times in a day, reward of freeing ten slaves,100 good deeds 100 sins erased, protection from devil for the whole day. No one can do anything better than what he has done except one who does more than that.” [Bukhari, Muslim]
7. Sleep in the state of wudhu:
An angel is ordered to stay at your side and continually ask for your forgiveness the entire night. [Tabarani - Hasan]
8. Do sincere Tawbah from all sins. Also Seek forgiveness from relatives, friends, colleagues, employees, etc.
Read Sayyidul Astaghfar once after Maghrib.
9. Clear your heart from ill-feelings towards fellow Muslims and forgive them in your heart.
10. Do Duas for yourself and family, Umma, etc.
11. Give Charity on these blessed nights (can be online too)
Giving charity helps in decreasing Allah's anger, attracting His mercy and attaining purity and salvation.
ADD this if possible (highly recommended):
12. Read the whole of the Tarawih prayer with jamah:
“Whoever prays (Tarawih) with the imam until he finishes, Allah will record for him as if he spent the whole night in prayer” [Tirmidhi]
13. Read the surahs of Quran which have many Fadhail - like Yasin, Waqia, Mulk, etc.
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